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Wikipedia says.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bump_mapping

The grayscale depth is the light info, or depth info. I usually use them because you can use them for both normal mapping and as a height map in blender. Saves you from having to load an extra image. Grayscale images also have a third and forth use in blender, spec mapping and ao.

I usually use Insanebump or Pixmap2.

On Blender both Normal and Bump maps are pretty much the same thing, except Normalmaps have more of a dramatic effect, I use bump mapping for fine detail like pores, wrinkles and facial stubble.

Blender has a displacement modifier you can use, that will take a grayscale image and modify geometry.

But in blender with out the displacement modifier no geometry is changed by bump mapping.

I was going to post a tutorial on painting bump maps, but it appears maratis only supports normal maps.

Instead what you can do, is if you use gimp install the gimp-normalmap plugin found here https://code.google.com/p/gimp-normalmap/ and the Insanebump plugin found here http://registry.gimp.org/node/28117

The Insanebump script allows you to generate.

1. Normal maps
2. Specular maps
3. Diffuse maps
4. Ambiend occlusion (AO) maps
5. Displacement (or height) maps

In Low, Medium and High Detail

It does the same-thing as Pixplant2 or Crazybump but is free.

Once you finish painting your model, just run the texture thru the Insanebump plugin and apply the Normal and Specular map in Blender.

Here is a screenshot of my character in blender so far, I am not sure why the normalmap is so strong in Maratis thou.

Here are a couple different effects I got playing with the Maratis Particle Effects example.

I disabled physics for all examples, performance was excellent.

100 Particles

20 Particles

20 Particles

Using a Cone Shape(Rotating) with some debri parented to the cone, an animated texture and a small particle emitter at the bottom of the cone using a dust particle I bet you could make a pretty cool looking tornado.

If your creative and don't emit more than 200-250 particles you can defiantly get some decent effects. The particle count is so low do to lua and not the graphics engine, I hit the threshold regardless if I use my on-board intel gpu or my Nvidia GT 640 card.

You could probable get 2000+ particles if done in c++.

Here are the particle textures I used.

And my changes to the effects.lua script

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Maratis
-- effects.lua
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- GUI
Camera = getObject("Camera")
GUIScene = getScene("GUI")
enableCameraLayer(Camera, GUIScene)

-- pseudo particle system
Emitter = getObject("Emitter")
Particle = getObject("Particle")


-- particles functions
function getRandomDir(force)

    return {(math.random()-0.5)*force, (math.random()-0.5)*force, (math.random()-0.5)*force}

end

function initParticle(particle)

    size = 10.0 + math.random()
    life = math.max(0.50, math.random())

    setAnimationSpeed(particle, life) -- we use the animation speed to control the particle life
    changeAnimation(particle, 0)
    setCurrentFrame(particle, 0)

    clearForces(particle)
    setPosition(particle, getPosition(Emitter))
    setScale(particle, {size, size, size})
    --addCentralForce(particle, getRandomDir(1))
    
end

function createParticle()

    particle = getClone(Particle)
    initParticle(particle)

    return particle
    
end

function addParticle()
    table.insert(particlesList, #particlesList + 1, createParticle())
end

function updateParticle(particle)

    if isAnimationOver(particle) then
        deactivate(particle)
    end

    if onKeyDown("SPACE") then

        activate(particle)
        initParticle(particle)

    end
    
end


-- create particle system (64 particles + 1)
particlesList = {Particle}

initParticle(Particle)

for i=1, 20 do
    addParticle()
end


-- scene update
function onSceneUpdate()

    for i=1, #particlesList do
        updateParticle(particlesList[i])
    end

end

Note I moved my emitter to the ceiling and rotated to shoot downwards.

Yahh I downloaded and took a look, great job. Shes has clothes "that are not" painted on and your using bvh animations. Very cool can't wait to see what else you can produce. From the looks of it you appear to be very dedicated to being a game developer. Good job your defiantly on your way.

I am surprised you don't have BVHacker in your software links http://davedub.co.uk/bvhacker/ you can use it to edit those BVH files. You can for example delete the frames/animations you don't need and replace them with ones from other bvh files that you do want.

Very nice Introductory to Programming tutorial but, I would use the BBCode tags to format your tutorial.
Example this code should be in a code tag.

--OBJECTS
box = getObject("box")
--JUMP VARIABLES
jump_object = box
jump_height = 3
jump_speed = 1
jump_btn = "SPACE"
jump_animation = changeAnimation(object, animationId)
jump_direction = {jump_up,jump_down,jump,left,jump_right}
jump_up = vec3(x, y, jump_speed*jump_height) 
jump_down =    vec3(x, y, jump_speed*jump_height) 
jump_left =    vec3(-jump_speed*jump_height, y, z) 
jump_right = vec3(jump_speed*jump_height, y, z) 
collisions = getNumCollisions(box)
--JUMP FUNCTION
function Jump(jump_object,jump_direction,jump_btn,jump_animation)
    if isKeyPressed(jump_btn) then
        changeAnimation(jump_object,jump_animation)
        addCentralForce(jump_object, jump_direction, "local")
    end
end
--MAKE ANY OBJECT JUMP
function onSceneUpdate()
    Jump(box,jump_up,jump_btn,jump_animation)
end

If you can follow my tutorial style then you will be a Blender game making god in no time. Do you know how to use the Texture Atlas plugin for Ambient Occlusion?

Looks good and congratulations, your now producing GTA 4 quality characters.

Cool, looks great for your first attempt. Like I said easy easy easy.

Ok guys this isn't the "exact" look I wanted but it should give you an idea on what you can do when setting the "Paint Tools Brush Color" to something other than "White" and what painting a "Bump Map" can do.

Reminds me kind of a "Lord Voldemort". This is the 3k poly mesh. 

Now imagine waking up in the middle of the night with this guy hanging from your ceiling hissing at you, insisting he is going to eat your "face" !!!!!